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Understanding Ethereum Transaction Fees: How to Extract Them from Raw Transactions
Ethereum transaction fees can be a significant portion of the total cost of a transaction for users. While the getrawtransaction RPC call provides detailed transaction information, including input and output values, it does not directly reveal the transaction fee amount. In this article, we will look at how to extract the transaction fee from raw Ethereum transactions.
Why aren’t transaction fees included in getrawtransaction?
The getrawtransaction RPC call takes a snapshot of all transactions on the Ethereum network at a given block height. However, it does not include any metadata about the input and output values, such as gas prices or transaction fees. These costs are calculated by the miner during validation and execution of each block.
Extracting Transaction Fee from Raw Transactions
To extract transaction fee from getrawtransaction results, you can use a combination of techniques:
1. Parse the transaction data
The getrawtransaction response contains a JSON object with various fields, including gas, value, and input. You can parse this structure to access these values.
const tx = await provider.getRawTransaction(id);
const transactionData = JSON.parse(tx.body);
const gasPrice = transactionData.gas;
const value = transactionData.value;
const input = transactionData.input;
// Calculate transaction fee
const transactionFee = gas - (gasPrice / 1e8); // Convert to wei and divide by 10^8
2. Use a library to parse transaction data
You can use a library like ethers.js or web3js to parse and analyze raw transaction data. These libraries provide a more convenient interface for working with Ethereum transactions.
const ethers = require('ethers');
const tx = await provider.getRawTransaction(id);
const transactionData = ethers.utils.parseTransaction(tx);
// Calculate transaction fee
const gasPrice = ethers.utils.formatUnits(transactionData.gas, 'web'); // Convert to wei and format as a number
const value = transactionData.value;
const input = transactionData.input;
const transactionFee = gasPrice - (value / 1e8); // Convert to wei and divide by 10^8
3. Use ethers.js library to get raw transactions
Alternatively, you can use ethers.js library directly to get raw transactions. This approach provides more flexibility in analyzing transaction data.
const ethers = require('ethers');
const provider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider('
const txId = 'YOUR_TX_ID'; // Replace with the actual transaction ID
// Get raw transactions for a given block height
const rawTransactions = await provider.getRawTransaction(txId);
// Go through each raw transaction and extract the transaction fee
rawTransactions.forEach((transaction) => {
const gasPrice = transaction.gas;
const value = transaction.value;
const input = transaction.input;
// Calculate the transaction fee
const transactionFee = gas - (gasPrice / 1e8); // Convert to wei and divide by 10^8
console.log(Transaction fee for ${txId}:, transactionFee);
});
Conclusion
While getrawtransaction provides valuable information about Ethereum transactions, including input and output values, it does not directly reveal the transaction fee. Using a combination of techniques, such as parsing JSON objects or using libraries to analyze raw transaction data, you can extract the transaction fee from these results.
Be sure to replace the placeholder values (e.g. YOUR_PROJECT_ID, YOUR_TX_ID) with the actual Infura project and transaction IDs.