Ethereum: What does a segregated witness transaction look like?

  • José Eduardo Ferreira por José Eduardo Ferreira
  • 4 dias atrás
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Separate Witness: In-depth look at Ethereum transactions

When we delve into the intricacies of Ethereum’s blockchain structure, one concept is particularly intriguing: the Segregated Witness (SW). In this article, we’ll look at what a SW transaction looks like and how it works within the Ethereum network.

Current transaction structure

A typical Ethereum transaction consists of several components:

  • version: A byte array indicating the transaction type (e.g. 0x01 for a normal transaction).
  • inputcount: An integer indicating the number of input parameters.
  • [txid]: The identifier of the previous block.

Separate witness transaction structure

A SW transaction is similar to a traditional Ethereum transaction, but there is one key difference:

  • Instead of storing all the input data in a single byte array, each input parameter is stored separately.
  • Each input parameter is prefixed with a 0x01 byte (the Segwit prefix).
  • The transaction also contains other metadata, such as the sender’s and receiver’s public keys.

Here is an example of a SW transaction:

Version | 0x01 | [txid] …

^ ^ ^

| 0x1A | [Input Parameter1]

| 0x1E | [Input Parameter2]

Version | 0x02 | [txid] …

^ ^ ^

| 0x19 | [Input Parameter3]

As you can see, each input parameter is prefixed with the segwit prefix “0x01” followed by the corresponding public key. This allows for more efficient storage of the input data and reduces the risk of key collisions.

How ​​Segregated Witness Works

When a user sends a SW transaction to the Ethereum network, it is verified by the network nodes in the following steps:

  • Transaction Analysis: The sender’s public key and the recipient’s public key are extracted from the transaction.
  • Input Parameter Extraction: Each input parameter is identified and the corresponding public key is retrieved.
  • Prefix Removal: The segwit prefix “0x01” is removed, exposing the raw input data.
  • Verification: The resulting input data is verified by network nodes using Merkle trees or other hash-based verification mechanisms.

Benefits of a Segregated Witness

A Segregated Witness has several benefits:

  • Efficient Storage: All input parameters can be stored independently, reducing memory usage and improving scalability.
  • Improved Security

    : Reducing key collisions and increasing randomness of input data makes the software more secure.

  • Improved Performance: Reduced effort to validate each input parameter results in faster transaction processing time.

In summary, Segregated Witness is a powerful concept that improves the efficiency, security, and performance of Ethereum transactions. Understanding how the software works helps us better appreciate the complexity of the Ethereum network and explore its potential to improve the overall user experience.

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